Definitions of u
- u "conj. and; indistinguisable in writing from ū, or. abim u ummim, father and mother; eqlim kirîm u bītim, a field, an orchard or a house; eleppašu u mimmašu ḫalqam, a boat or something else that is lost; awīlum šû iddâk u ša šurqam ina qātišu imḫuru iddâk, that man shall be put to death and the one who received the lost property into his possession shall be put to death; u lu = ūlū, see lu."
Source: Richardson (2014, p. 338). [About this source] [Read on OMNIKA]
Helpful external links about u
u in the Law Code of Hammurabi
The Akkadian word u appears in at least 13 provision(s) within Hammurabi's code:
- § 10 : (normalized Akkadian)
šumma šayyāmānum nādin iddinūšum u šībī ša ina maḫrīšunu išāmu lā itbalam, bēl ḫulqim-ma šībī mūde ḫulqīšu itbalam, šayyāmānum šarrāq iddâk; bēl ḫulqim ḫuluqšu ileqqe.
- § 23 : (normalized Akkadian)
šumma ḫabbātum lā ittaṣbat, awīlum ḫabtum mimmâšu ḫalqam maḫar ilim ubār-ma ālum u rabiānum ša ina erṣetīšunu u pāṭīšunu ḫubtum iḫḫabtu mimmâšu ḫalqam iribbūšum.
- § 29 : (normalized Akkadian)
šumma māršu ṣeḫer-[m]a ilik abīšu alākam lā ileʾʾi šalušti eqlim u kirîm ana ummīšu inna[d]dim-ma ummašu urabbāšu.
- § 30 : (normalized Akkadian)
šumma lū rēdûm ū lū bāʾerum eqelšu kirīšu u bīssu ina pānī ilkim iddī-ma uddappir šanûm warkīšu eqelšu kirīšu u bīssu iṣbat-ma šalāš šanātim ilikšu ittalak šumma ittūram-ma eqelšu kirīšu u bīssu irriš ul innaddiššum; ša iṣṣabtū-ma ilikšu ittalku šū-ma illak.
- § 31 : (normalized Akkadian)
šumma šattam ištiat-ma uddappir-ma ittūram eqelšu kirīšu u bīssu innaddiššum-ma šū-ma ilikšu illak.
- § 34 : (normalized Akkadian)
šumma lu ša ḫaṭṭātim u lu laputtûm numāt rēdîm ilteqe, rēdiam iḫtabal rēdiam ana igrim ittadin* rēdiam ina dīnim ana dannim ištarak qīšti šarrum ana rēdîm iddinu ilteqe lu ša ḫaṭṭātim u lu laputtûm šû iddâk
- § 35 : (normalized Akkadian)
šumma awīlum liātim u ṣēnī ša šarrum ana rēdîm iddinu ina qāti rēdîm ištām, ina kaspīšu ītelli.
- § 36 : (normalized Akkadian)
eqlum kirûm u bītum ša rēdîm bāʾerim ū nāši biltim ana kaspim ul innaddin.
- § 38 : (normalized Akkadian)
rēdûm bāʾirum u nāši biltim ina eqlim kirîm u bītim ša ilkišu ana aššatišu u mārtišu ul išaṭṭar u ana eʾiltišu ul inaddin
- § 39 : (normalized Akkadian)
ina eqlim, kirîm u bītim ša išammuma iraššû ana aššatišu u mārtišu išaṭṭar u ana eʾiltišu inaddin
- § 4 : (normalized Akkadian)
šumma ana šībūt êm u kaspim uṣiam, aran dīnim šuāti ittanašši.
- § 5 : (normalized Akkadian)
šumma dayyānum dīnam idīn, purussâm iprus, kunukkam ušēzib, warkānum-ma dīššu īteni, dayyānam šuāti ina dīn idīnu enêm ukannūšū-ma rugummâm ša ina dīnim šuāti ibbaššû adi šinšerīšu inaddin; u ina puḫrim ina kussi dayyānūtīšu ušetbûšû-ma ul itâr-ma itti dayyānī ina dīnim ul uššab.
- § 9 : (normalized Akkadian)
šumma awīlum ša mimmûšu ḫalqu mimmâšu ḫalqam ina qāti/qātī awīlim iṣṣabat, awīlum ša ḫulqum ina qātīšu ṣabtu "nādinānum-mi iddinam; maḫar šībī-mi ašām" iqtabi, u bēl ḫulqim "šībī mūde ḫulqīyā-mi lublam" iqtabi, šayyāmānum nādin iddinūšum u šībī ša ina maḫrīšunu išāmu itbalam u bēl ḫulqim šībī mūde ḫulqīšu itbalam, dayyānū awâtīšunu immarū-ma šībū ša maḫrīšunu šīmum iššāmu u šībū mūde ḫulqim mūdûssunu maḫar ilim iqabbû-ma nādinānum šarrāq; iddâk; bēl ḫulqim ḫuluqšu ileqqe; šayyāmānum ina bīt nādinānim kasap išqulu ileqqe.
Citation
Dedović, B. "u - eHammurabi." OMNIKA Foundation, 29 Mar. 2024, ehlaw.org/dictionary/word/u. [Accessed 3 Nov. 2024]
Dedović, B. (2024, March 29). u - eHammurabi. OMNIKA Foundation. https://ehlaw.org/dictionary/word/u
Bibliography
Lauffenburger, Olivier. "AAF Assyrian Dictionary." France: Association Assyrophile de France. Accessed August 28, 2023. https://www.assyrianlanguages.org. [Visit]
OMNIKA Foundation Contributors. "PsychLing: Psycholinguistics Portal." Las Vegas, NV: OMNIKA Foundation. Accessed February 28, 2024. https://psycholinguistics.org. [Visit]
Richardson, Mervyn E.J. A Comprehensive Grammar to Hammurabi's Stele. Piscataway, NJ: Gorgias Press, 2014.
eHammurabi Glossary
The term Akkadian commonly means "an ancient language spoken and written in Mesopotamia between c. 3200 BCE – 200 CE."
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