§ 106

Law § 106 of Hammurabi's Code

Translation
If a trading agent took silver from a merchant, but has disputed (it) with his merchant, said merchant will, before god and witnesses, convict the trading agent of taking the silver, and then the trading agent will give the merchant up to three times however much silver he took.
Law Group
Inscription

Cuneiform

Law § 106 - Cuneiform - Law Code of Hammurabi

Source: Bergmann (1953, p. 12–13, col. R I, lns. 55–67)

Transliteration

šum-ma šamallûm (ŠAMAN2.LÁ) KUG.BABBAR it-ti DAM.GÀR il-qé-ma DAM.GÀR-šu it-ta-ki-ir DAM.GÀR šu-ú i-na ma-ḫar i-lim ù ši-bi i-na KUG.BABBAR le-qé-em šamallâm (ŠAMAN2.LÁ) ú-ka-an-ma šamallûm (ŠAMAN2.LÁ) KUG.BABBAR ma-la il-qú-ú adi(A.RÁ) 3-šu a-na DAM.GÀR i-na-ad-di-in

Source: Huehnergard (2011, p. 216)

Normalization

šumma šamallûm kaspam itti tamkārim ilqē-ma tamkāršu ittakir, tamkārum šū ina maḫar ilim u šībī ina kaspim leqêm šamallâm ukām-ma šamallûm kaspam mala ilqû adi 3-šu ana tamkārim inaddin.

Source: Huehnergard (2013, p. 47)

Translation

If a trading agent took silver from a merchant, but has disputed (it) with his merchant, said merchant will, before god and witnesses, convict the trading agent of taking the silver, and then the trading agent will give the merchant up to three times however much silver he took.

Source: Huehnergard (2013, p. 47)

Inscription

Location of Law § 106 · Powered by Stele3DSM

Orientation Back
Side(s) Sides 5 – 6 (overflow)
Column(s) Col. 24
Line(s) Lns. 55–67
Key
Law § 106
Prologue
Laws
Epilogue
Damage

Logic

Logic Map for § 106 · Powered by LawgicSnifferSM

#
Steps
  • 1 If
  • 2
  • 3 a trading agent
  • 4 took
  • 5 silver
  • 6 from
  • 7 a merchant,
  • 8 but
  • 9 has disputed (it) with
  • 10 his
  • 11 merchant,
  • 12
  • 13 [then]
  • 14
  • 15 said merchant
  • 16 [will convict before]
  • 17 god
  • 18 and
  • 19 witnesses
  • 20 the trading agent
  • 21 of taking
  • 22 the silver,
  • 23
  • 24 and
  • 25 then
  • 26
  • 27 the trading agent
  • 28 will give
  • 29 the merchant
  • 30 up to three times however much
  • 31 silver
  • 32 he
  • 33 took
  • 34
  • 35
  • 36

Glossary

Key concepts, places, and persons

Common (category: Grammar) "a word case indicating an unspecified gender"

Citation

Dedović, B. "§ 106 - eHammurabi." OMNIKA Foundation, 29 Oct. 2023, ehlaw.org/law/106. [Accessed 3 Nov. 2024]

MLA 9

Dedović, B. (2023, October 29). § 106 - eHammurabi. OMNIKA Foundation. https://ehlaw.org/law/106

APA 7

Dedović, Boban. "§ 106 - eHammurabi." Las Vegas, NV: OMNIKA Foundation. Created October 29, 2023. Modified September 4, 2024. Accessed November 3, 2024. https://ehlaw.org/law/106.

CMS 16

Bibliography

Abulhab, Saad D. The Law Code of Hammurabi: Transliterated and Literally Translated from its Early Classical Arabic Language. New York, NY: Blautopf, 2017.

ACH

Bergmann, Eugen. Codex Ḫammurabi: Textus Primigenius. Rome, Italy: Pontificium Institutum Biblicum, 1953.

CHTP

Huehnergard, John. A Grammar of Akkadian (Third Edition). Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2011.

HAG3

Huehnergard, John. Key to a Grammar of Akkadian (Third Edition). Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2013.

HKEY3

OMNIKA Foundation Contributors. "OMNIKA: Digital Mythology Library & Search Engine." Las Vegas, NV: OMNIKA Foundation, accessed November 14, 2023. https://omnika.org. [Visit]

Richardson, Mervyn E.J. Hammurabi's Laws: Text, Translation and Glossary. New York, NY: T & T Clark International, 2004.

RHL

Sound of Text Contributors. "Sound of Text: AI Text-to-Speech." Accessed November 14, 2023. https://soundoftext.app. [Visit]

SoT

eHammurabi Glossary

The § symbol commonly denotes "a shorthand notation for the word 'section'."

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eHammurabi Glossary

The term Cuneiform commonly means "an ancient writing system used by various cultures around Mesopotamia."

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eHammurabi Glossary

The term Normalization commonly means "the application of grammatical rules unto transliterated sound values."

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eHammurabi Glossary

The term Translation commonly means "the conversion of linguistic contents and their meanings from one language into another."

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eHammurabi Glossary

The term Transliteration commonly means "the conversion of sound values from one writing system into another."

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