§ 280

Law § 280 of Hammurabi's Code

Translation
If a man has bought a man’s male or female slave in a foreign country, (and) when he has come into the country, the owner of the male or female slave has recognized his male or female slave, if those male or female slave(s) are natives of the country, their freedom will be established without any silver.
Law Code
Law Code of Hammurabi
Law Group
Labor, Equipment, Fees
Inscription

Cuneiform

Law § 280 - Cuneiform - Law Code of Hammurabi

Source: Bergmann (1953, p. 32, col. R XXIII, lns. 72–87)

Transliteration

šum-ma a-wi-lum i-na ma-at nu-ku-úr-tim ÌR GEME2 ša a-wi-lim iš-ta-am i-nu-ma i-na li-ib-bu KALAM it-ta-al-kam-ma be-el ÌR ù lu GEME2 lu ÌR-sú ù lu GEME2-sú ú-te-ed-di šum-ma ÌR ù lu GEME2 šu-nu DUMU.MEŠ ma-tim ba-lum KUG.BABBAR-ma an-du-ra-ar-šu-nu iš-ša-ak-ka-an

Source: Huehnergard (2013, p. 70)

Normalization

šumma awīlum ina māt nukurtim wardam amtam ša awīlim ištām, inūma ina libbu mātim ittalkam«-ma» bēl wardim ū lū amtim lū warassu ū lū amassu ūteddi, šumma wardum ū lū amtum šunu mārū mātim balum kaspim-ma andurāršunu iššakkan.

Source: Huehnergard (2013, p. 70)

Translation

If a man has bought a man’s male or female slave in a foreign country, (and) when he has come into the country, the owner of the male or female slave has recognized his male or female slave, if those male or female slave(s) are natives of the country, their freedom will be established without any silver.

Source: Huehnergard (2013, p. 70)

Inscription

Location of Law § 280 · Powered by Stele3DSM

Orientation Back
Side(s) Sides 5 – 6 (overflow)
Column(s) Col. 46
Line(s) Lns. 72–87
Key
Law § 280
Prologue
Laws
Epilogue
Damage
Open Law § 280 in Stele3DSM

Logic

Logic Map for § 280 · Powered by LawgicSnifferSM

#
Steps
  • 1 If
  • 2
  • 3 a man
  • 4 has bought
  • 5 [another] man's
  • 6 male [slave]
  • 7 or
  • 8 female slave
  • 9 (in) a foreign country,
  • 10
  • 11 and when
  • 12
  • 13 he
  • 14 has come into
  • 15 [his]
  • 16 [own] country,
  • 17 the owner
  • 18 (of) the male [slave]
  • 19 or
  • 20 female slave
  • 21 has recognized
  • 22 his
  • 23 male [slave]
  • 24 or
  • 25 female slave
  • 26
  • 27
  • 28 if
  • 29
  • 30 those male [slaves]
  • 31 or
  • 32 female slaves
  • 33 are
  • 34 natives
  • 35 of the country,
  • 36
  • 37
  • 38
  • 39
  • 40 their
  • 41 their
  • 42 freedom
  • 43 will be established.
  • 44
  • 45

Vocabulary

Akkadian Words · Powered by GrammarSnifferSM

šumma (conditional Particle) "if; whether"

awīlum (Noun form) Masculine Singular Nominative of awīlu "man"

awīlim (Noun form) Masculine Singular Genitive of awīlu "man"

libbū (Noun form) Masculine Plural Nominative of libbu "heart"

Citation

Dedović, B. "§ 280 - eHammurabi." OMNIKA Foundation, 8 Nov. 2023, ehlaw.org/law/280. [Accessed 3 Nov. 2024]

MLA 9

Dedović, B. (2023, November 8). § 280 - eHammurabi. OMNIKA Foundation. https://ehlaw.org/law/280

APA 7

Dedović, Boban. "§ 280 - eHammurabi." Las Vegas, NV: OMNIKA Foundation. Created November 8, 2023. Modified September 6, 2024. Accessed November 3, 2024. https://ehlaw.org/law/280.

CMS 16

Bibliography

Abulhab, Saad D. The Law Code of Hammurabi: Transliterated and Literally Translated from its Early Classical Arabic Language. New York, NY: Blautopf, 2017.

ACH

Bergmann, Eugen. Codex Ḫammurabi: Textus Primigenius. Rome, Italy: Pontificium Institutum Biblicum, 1953.

CHTP

Huehnergard, John. A Grammar of Akkadian (Third Edition). Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2011.

HAG3

Huehnergard, John. Key to a Grammar of Akkadian (Third Edition). Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2013.

HKEY3

OMNIKA Foundation Contributors. "OMNIKA: Digital Mythology Library & Search Engine." Las Vegas, NV: OMNIKA Foundation, accessed November 14, 2023. https://omnika.org. [Visit]

–

Richardson, Mervyn E.J. Hammurabi's Laws: Text, Translation and Glossary. New York, NY: T & T Clark International, 2004.

RHL

Sound of Text Contributors. "Sound of Text: AI Text-to-Speech." Accessed November 14, 2023. https://soundoftext.app. [Visit]

SoT

eHammurabi Glossary

The § symbol commonly denotes "a shorthand notation for the word 'section'."

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eHammurabi Glossary

The term Cuneiform commonly means "an ancient writing system used by various cultures around Mesopotamia."

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eHammurabi Glossary

The term Normalization commonly means "the application of grammatical rules unto transliterated sound values."

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eHammurabi Glossary

The term Translation commonly means "the conversion of linguistic contents and their meanings from one language into another."

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eHammurabi Glossary

The term Transliteration commonly means "the conversion of sound values from one writing system into another."

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