§ 19

Law § 19 of Hammurabi's Code

Summary
the punishment for keeping runaway slaves is execution.

This law seems to rely on conditions provided in § 17.

Translation
If he has kept that slave in his house (and) later the slave has been caught in his possession, that man will be executed.
Inscription

Cuneiform

Law § 19 - Cuneiform - Law Code of Hammurabi

Source: Bergmann (1953, p. 6, col. VIII–IX, lns. 68–72; 1–4)

Transliteration

šum-ma ÌR šu-a-ti i-na bi-ti-šu ik-ta-la-šu wa-ar-ka ÌR i-na qá-ti-šu it-ta-aṣ-ba-at a-wi-lum šu-ú id-da-ak.

Source: Huehnergard (2013, p. 95)

Normalization

šumma wardam šuāti ina bītīšu iktalāšu warka wardum ina qātīšu ittaṣbat, awīlum šû iddâk.

Source: Huehnergard (2013, p. 95)

Translation

If he has kept that slave in his house (and) later the slave has been caught in his possession, that man will be executed.

Source: Huehnergard (2013, p. 95)

Inscription

Location of Law § 19 · Powered by Stele3DSM

Orientation Front
Side(s) Sides 3 – 1 (overflow)
Column(s) Cols. 8–9
Line(s) Lns. 68–4
Key
Law § 19
Prologue
Laws
Epilogue
Damage

Logic

Logic Map for § 19 · Powered by LawgicSnifferSM

#
Steps
  • 1 If
  • 2
  • 3 he
  • 4 has kept
  • 5 that slave
  • 6 in his house
  • 7
  • 8 (and) later
  • 9
  • 10 the slave
  • 11 has been caught
  • 12 in his possession,
  • 13
  • 14 [then]
  • 15
  • 16 that man
  • 17 will be executed.
  • 18
  • 19
  • 20

Vocabulary

Akkadian Words · Powered by GrammarSnifferSM

šumma (conditional Particle) "if; whether"

ina (Preposition) "in, on, onto"

iddâk (N-Stem Durative Verb form) 3rd Person Common Singular of dâku "to kill"

Citation

Dedović, B. "§ 19 - eHammurabi." OMNIKA Foundation, 25 Oct. 2023, ehlaw.org/law/19. [Accessed 3 Nov. 2024]

MLA 9

Dedović, B. (2023, October 25). § 19 - eHammurabi. OMNIKA Foundation. https://ehlaw.org/law/19

APA 7

Dedović, Boban. "§ 19 - eHammurabi." Las Vegas, NV: OMNIKA Foundation. Created October 25, 2023. Modified August 11, 2024. Accessed November 3, 2024. https://ehlaw.org/law/19.

CMS 16

Bibliography

Abulhab, Saad D. The Law Code of Hammurabi: Transliterated and Literally Translated from its Early Classical Arabic Language. New York, NY: Blautopf, 2017.

ACH

Bergmann, Eugen. Codex Ḫammurabi: Textus Primigenius. Rome, Italy: Pontificium Institutum Biblicum, 1953.

CHTP

Huehnergard, John. A Grammar of Akkadian (Third Edition). Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2011.

HAG3

Huehnergard, John. Key to a Grammar of Akkadian (Third Edition). Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2013.

HKEY3

OMNIKA Foundation Contributors. "OMNIKA: Digital Mythology Library & Search Engine." Las Vegas, NV: OMNIKA Foundation, accessed November 14, 2023. https://omnika.org. [Visit]

Richardson, Mervyn E.J. Hammurabi's Laws: Text, Translation and Glossary. New York, NY: T & T Clark International, 2004.

RHL

Sound of Text Contributors. "Sound of Text: AI Text-to-Speech." Accessed November 14, 2023. https://soundoftext.app. [Visit]

SoT

eHammurabi Glossary

The § symbol commonly denotes "a shorthand notation for the word 'section'."

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eHammurabi Glossary

The term Cuneiform commonly means "an ancient writing system used by various cultures around Mesopotamia."

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eHammurabi Glossary

The term Normalization commonly means "the application of grammatical rules unto transliterated sound values."

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eHammurabi Glossary

The term Translation commonly means "the conversion of linguistic contents and their meanings from one language into another."

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eHammurabi Glossary

The term Transliteration commonly means "the conversion of sound values from one writing system into another."

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