§ 117

Law § 117 of Hammurabi's Code

Translation
If financial difficulty has seized a man and he sold his wife, his son, and his daughter, or he has been sold into debt servitude, they will work in the house of their buyer or debt-exactor for three years; in the fourth year their freedom will be established.
Inscription

Cuneiform

Law § 117 - Cuneiform - Law Code of Hammurabi

Source: Bergmann (1953, p. 14, col. R III, lns. 54–67)

Transliteration

šum-ma a-wi-lam e-ʾì-il-tum iṣ-ba-sú-ma DAM-sú DUMU-šu ù DUMU.MUNUS-sú a-na KUG.BABBAR id-di-in ù lu a-na ki-iš-ša-a-tim it-ta-an-di-in MU.3.KAM É ša-a-a-ma-ni-šu-nu ù ka-ši-ši-šu-nu i-ip-pé-šu i-na re-bu-tim ša-at-tim an-du-ra-ar-šu-nu iš-ša-ak-ka-an

Source: Huehnergard (2011, p. 368–369)

Normalization

šumma awīlam eʾiltum iṣbassū-ma aššassu mār(ā)šu u mārassu ana kaspim iddin ū lū ana kiššātim ittandin, šalāš šanātim bīt šayyāmānīšunu ū kāšišīšunu ippešū; ina rebūtim šattim andurāršunu iššakkan.

Source: Huehnergard (2013, p. 95)

Translation

If financial difficulty has seized a man and he sold his wife, his son, and his daughter, or he has been sold into debt servitude, they will work in the house of their buyer or debt-exactor for three years; in the fourth year their freedom will be established.

Source: Huehnergard (2013, p. 95)

Inscription

Location of Law § 117 · Powered by Stele3DSM

Orientation Back
Side(s) Sides 5 – 6 (overflow)
Column(s) Col. 26
Line(s) Lns. 54–67
Key
Law § 117
Prologue
Laws
Epilogue
Damage

Logic

Logic Map for § 117 · Powered by LawgicSnifferSM

#
Steps
  • 1 If
  • 2
  • 3 financial difficulty
  • 4 seized
  • 5 a man
  • 6
  • 7 and
  • 8
  • 9 he
  • 10 sold
  • 11 his wife,
  • 12 [or]
  • 13 his son,
  • 14 and
  • 15 his daughter,
  • 16
  • 17 or
  • 18
  • 19 he
  • 20 has been sold into
  • 21 debt servitude,
  • 22
  • 23 [then]
  • 24
  • 25 they
  • 26 they
  • 27 they
  • 28 they
  • 29 will work in the house of
  • 30 their buyer or debt-exactor
  • 31 for three years;
  • 32
  • 33 [and]
  • 34
  • 35 in the fourth year
  • 36 their
  • 37 their
  • 38 their
  • 39 their
  • 40 freedom
  • 41 will be established
  • 42
  • 43
  • 44

Citation

Dedović, B. "§ 117 - eHammurabi." OMNIKA Foundation, 1 Nov. 2023, ehlaw.org/law/117. [Accessed 20 Oct. 2024]

MLA 9

Dedović, B. (2023, November 1). § 117 - eHammurabi. OMNIKA Foundation. https://ehlaw.org/law/117

APA 7

Dedović, Boban. "§ 117 - eHammurabi." Las Vegas, NV: OMNIKA Foundation. Created November 1, 2023. Modified September 5, 2024. Accessed October 20, 2024. https://ehlaw.org/law/117.

CMS 16

Bibliography

Abulhab, Saad D. The Law Code of Hammurabi: Transliterated and Literally Translated from its Early Classical Arabic Language. New York, NY: Blautopf, 2017.

ACH

Bergmann, Eugen. Codex Ḫammurabi: Textus Primigenius. Rome, Italy: Pontificium Institutum Biblicum, 1953.

CHTP

Huehnergard, John. A Grammar of Akkadian (Third Edition). Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2011.

HAG3

Huehnergard, John. Key to a Grammar of Akkadian (Third Edition). Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2013.

HKEY3

OMNIKA Foundation Contributors. "OMNIKA: Digital Mythology Library & Search Engine." Las Vegas, NV: OMNIKA Foundation, accessed November 14, 2023. https://omnika.org. [Visit]

Richardson, Mervyn E.J. Hammurabi's Laws: Text, Translation and Glossary. New York, NY: T & T Clark International, 2004.

RHL

Sound of Text Contributors. "Sound of Text: AI Text-to-Speech." Accessed November 14, 2023. https://soundoftext.app. [Visit]

SoT

eHammurabi Glossary

The § symbol commonly denotes "a shorthand notation for the word 'section'."

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eHammurabi Glossary

The term Cuneiform commonly means "an ancient writing system used by various cultures around Mesopotamia."

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eHammurabi Glossary

The term Normalization commonly means "the application of grammatical rules unto transliterated sound values."

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eHammurabi Glossary

The term Translation commonly means "the conversion of linguistic contents and their meanings from one language into another."

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eHammurabi Glossary

The term Transliteration commonly means "the conversion of sound values from one writing system into another."

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