§ 231

Law § 231 of Hammurabi's Code

Translation
If it has caused the death of a slave of the owner of the house, he shall give a slave for the slave to the owner of the house.
Inscription

Cuneiform

Law § 231 - Cuneiform - Law Code of Hammurabi

Source: Bergmann (1953, p. 28, col. R XIX, lns. 77–81)

Transliteration

šum-ma warad be-el bîtim uš-ta-mi-it wardam ki-ma wardim a-na be-el bîtim i-na-ad-di-in

Source: Abulhab (2017, p. 94)

Normalization

šumma warad bēl bītim uštamīt, wardam kīma wardim ana bēl bītim inaddin.

Source: Richardson (2004, p. 108)

Translation

If it has caused the death of a slave of the owner of the house, he shall give a slave for the slave to the owner of the house.

Source: Richardson (2004, p. 109)

Inscription

Location of Law § 231 · Powered by Stele3DSM

Orientation Back
Side(s) Sides 5 – 6 (overflow)
Column(s) Col. 42
Line(s) Lns. 77–81
Key
Law § 231
Prologue
Laws
Epilogue
Damage

Logic

Logic Map for § 231 · Powered by LawgicSnifferSM

#
Steps
  • 1 If
  • 2
  • 3 it [the house that collapsed]
  • 4 has caused the death of
  • 5 a slave
  • 6 (of) the owner
  • 7 of the house,
  • 8
  • 9 [then]
  • 10
  • 11 he [the house builder]
  • 12 shall give
  • 13 a slave
  • 14 (for) the slave
  • 15 to the owner
  • 16 of the house.
  • 17
  • 18
  • 19

Citation

Dedović, B. "§ 231 - eHammurabi." OMNIKA Foundation, 6 Nov. 2023, ehlaw.org/law/231. [Accessed 3 Nov. 2024]

MLA 9

Dedović, B. (2023, November 6). § 231 - eHammurabi. OMNIKA Foundation. https://ehlaw.org/law/231

APA 7

Dedović, Boban. "§ 231 - eHammurabi." Las Vegas, NV: OMNIKA Foundation. Created November 6, 2023. Modified September 2, 2024. Accessed November 3, 2024. https://ehlaw.org/law/231.

CMS 16

Bibliography

Abulhab, Saad D. The Law Code of Hammurabi: Transliterated and Literally Translated from its Early Classical Arabic Language. New York, NY: Blautopf, 2017.

ACH

Bergmann, Eugen. Codex Ḫammurabi: Textus Primigenius. Rome, Italy: Pontificium Institutum Biblicum, 1953.

CHTP

Huehnergard, John. A Grammar of Akkadian (Third Edition). Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2011.

HAG3

Huehnergard, John. Key to a Grammar of Akkadian (Third Edition). Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2013.

HKEY3

OMNIKA Foundation Contributors. "OMNIKA: Digital Mythology Library & Search Engine." Las Vegas, NV: OMNIKA Foundation, accessed November 14, 2023. https://omnika.org. [Visit]

Richardson, Mervyn E.J. Hammurabi's Laws: Text, Translation and Glossary. New York, NY: T & T Clark International, 2004.

RHL

Sound of Text Contributors. "Sound of Text: AI Text-to-Speech." Accessed November 14, 2023. https://soundoftext.app. [Visit]

SoT

eHammurabi Glossary

The § symbol commonly denotes "a shorthand notation for the word 'section'."

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eHammurabi Glossary

The term Cuneiform commonly means "an ancient writing system used by various cultures around Mesopotamia."

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eHammurabi Glossary

The term Normalization commonly means "the application of grammatical rules unto transliterated sound values."

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eHammurabi Glossary

The term Translation commonly means "the conversion of linguistic contents and their meanings from one language into another."

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eHammurabi Glossary

The term Transliteration commonly means "the conversion of sound values from one writing system into another."

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