§ 18

Law § 18 of Hammurabi's Code

Summary
runaway slaves that refuse to name their owner must be escorted to the palace.

This law seems to rely on conditions provided in § 17.

Translation
If said slave has not named his owner, he will conduct him to the palace; the circumstances of his case will be investigated and he will be returned to his owner.
Law Code
Law Code of Hammurabi
Law Group
Theft, Kidnapping, Robbery
Inscription

Cuneiform

Law § 18 - Cuneiform - Law Code of Hammurabi

Source: Bergmann (1953, p. 6, col. VIII, lns. 59–67)

Transliteration

šum-ma ÌR šu-ú be-el-šu la iz-za-kar a-na É.GAL i-re-ed-de-šu wa-ar-ka-sú ip-pa-ar-ra-ás-ma a-na be-lí-šu ú-ta-ar-ru-šu

Source: Huehnergard (2013, p. 95)

Normalization

šumma wardum šū bēlšu lā izzakar, ana ekallim ireddēšu; warkassu ipparras-ma ana bēlīšu utarrūšu.

Source: Huehnergard (2013, p. 95)

Translation

If said slave has not named his owner, he will conduct him to the palace; the circumstances of his case will be investigated and he will be returned to his owner.

Source: Huehnergard (2013, p. 95)

LawgicSnifferSM

Logic Map for § 18

#
Steps
Law Text
  • 1 If
  • 2
  • 3 said slave
  • 4 has not named
  • 5 his owner,
  • 6
  • 7 [then]
  • 8
  • 9 he
  • 10 will conduct
  • 11 him
  • 12 to the palace
  • 13
  • 14 [and]
  • 15
  • 16 the circumstances of
  • 17 his case
  • 18 will be investigated
  • 19
  • 20 and
  • 21
  • 22 he
  • 23 will be returned to
  • 24 his owner.
  • 25
  • 26
  • 27

GrammarSnifferSM

Akkadian Words in Law § 18

šumma (conditional Particle) "if; whether"

lā (negation Particle) "not, no, nor; (negation)"

ana (Preposition) "to, for, in order to"

Citation

Dedović, B. "§ 18 - eHammurabi." OMNIKA Foundation, 25 Oct. 2023, ehlaw.org/law/18. [Accessed 27 Jul. 2024]

MLA 9

Dedović, B. (2023, October 25). § 18 - eHammurabi. OMNIKA Foundation. https://ehlaw.org/law/18

APA 7

Dedović, Boban. "§ 18 - eHammurabi." Las Vegas, NV: OMNIKA Foundation. Created October 25, 2023. Modified June 28, 2024. Accessed July 27, 2024. https://ehlaw.org/law/18.

CMS 16

Bibliography

Abulhab, Saad D. The Law Code of Hammurabi: Transliterated and Literally Translated from its Early Classical Arabic Language. New York, NY: Blautopf, 2017.

ACH

Bergmann, Eugen. Codex Ḫammurabi: Textus Primigenius. Rome, Italy: Pontificium Institutum Biblicum, 1953.

CHTP

Huehnergard, John. A Grammar of Akkadian (Third Edition). Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2011.

HAG3

Huehnergard, John. Key to a Grammar of Akkadian (Third Edition). Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2013.

HKEY3

OMNIKA Foundation Contributors. "OMNIKA: Digital Mythology Library & Search Engine." Las Vegas, NV: OMNIKA Foundation, accessed November 14, 2023. https://omnika.org. [Visit]

–

Richardson, Mervyn E.J. Hammurabi's Laws: Text, Translation and Glossary. New York, NY: T & T Clark International, 2004.

RHL

Sound of Text Contributors. "Sound of Text: AI Text-to-Speech." Accessed November 14, 2023. https://soundoftext.app. [Visit]

SoT

eHammurabi Glossary

The § symbol commonly denotes "a shorthand notation for the word 'section'."

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eHammurabi Glossary

The term Cuneiform commonly means "an ancient writing system used by various cultures around Mesopotamia."

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eHammurabi Glossary

The term Normalization commonly means "the application of grammatical rules unto transliterated sound values."

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eHammurabi Glossary

The term Translation commonly means "the conversion of linguistic contents and their meanings from one language into another."

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eHammurabi Glossary

The term Transliteration commonly means "the conversion of sound values from one writing system into another."

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