§ 63

Law § 63 of Hammurabi's Code

Translation
If it had been an abandoned field he shall still do the work on the field before returning it to the owner of the field, but calculate 70 bushels for 16 acres40for each year.
Law Code
Law Code of Hammurabi
Law Group
Livestock, Fields, Land
Inscription

Cuneiform

Law § 63 - Cuneiform - Law Code of Hammurabi

Source: Bergmann (1953, p. 12, col. XVI, lns. 48–57)

Transliteration

šum-ma eḳlam KI.KAL eḳlam ši-ip-ra-am i-ib-bi-eš-ma eḳlu(=a-na) be-el eḳlim u-ta-a-ar u X GAN.E X ŠE.GUR ša ša-at-tim iš-ti-a-at i-ma-ad-da-ad

Source: Abulhab (2017, p. 47)

Normalization

šumma kankallum eqlam šipram ippešma, ana bēl eqlim utâr. u ana 1 burum 10 kur šeʾam ša šattim ištiat imaddad.

Source: Richardson (2004, p. 64)

Translation

If it had been an abandoned field he shall still do the work on the field before returning it to the owner of the field, but calculate 70 bushels for 16 acres40for each year.

Source: Richardson (2004, p. 65)

Cuneiform

Signs for Law § 63

  • Unavailable
    Source: Bergmann (1953, p. 12)
    Cuneiform
    Law § 63: cuneiform line art
    Source: Harper (1904, p. [pl. XXV])
    Cuneiform
    Law § 63: line art of cuneiform

Inscription

Location of Law § 63 · Powered by Stele3DSM

Orientation Front
Side(s) Sides 2 – 3 (overflow)
Column(s) Col. 16
Line(s) Lns. 48–57
Key
Law § 63
Prologue
Laws
Epilogue
Damage
Open Law § 63 in Stele3DSM

Logic

Logic Map for § 63 · Powered by LawgicSnifferSM

#
Steps
  • 1 if:start If
  • 2 condition:start
  • 3 item:1 it
  • 4 undefined had been
  • 5 item:1 an abandoned field
  • 6 condition:end
  • 7 then:start [then]
  • 8 result:start
  • 9 party:1 he
  • 10 action shall still do the work on
  • 11 item:1 the field
  • 12 action before returning
  • 13 item:1 it
  • 14 party:2 to the owner of
  • 15 item:1 the field,
  • 16 result:end
  • 17 but but
  • 18 result:start
  • 19 party:1 [he]
  • 20 action calculate 70 bushels for 16 acres for each year.
  • 21 result:end
  • 22 then:end
  • 23 if:end

Citation

Dedović, B. "§ 63 - eHammurabi." OMNIKA Foundation, 28 Oct. 2023, ehlaw.org/law/63. [Accessed 7 Nov. 2026]

MLA 9

Dedović, B. (2023, October 28). § 63 - eHammurabi. OMNIKA Foundation. https://ehlaw.org/law/63

APA 7

Dedović, Boban. "§ 63 - eHammurabi." Las Vegas, NV: OMNIKA Foundation. Created October 28, 2023. Modified December 17, 2024. Accessed November 7, 2026. https://ehlaw.org/law/63.

CMS 16

Bibliography

Abulhab, Saad D. The Law Code of Hammurabi: Transliterated and Literally Translated from its Early Classical Arabic Language. New York, NY: Blautopf, 2017.

ACH

Bergmann, Eugen. Codex Ḫammurabi: Textus Primigenius. Rome, Italy: Pontificium Institutum Biblicum, 1953.

CHTP

Huehnergard, John. A Grammar of Akkadian (Third Edition). Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2011.

HAG3

Huehnergard, John. Key to a Grammar of Akkadian (Third Edition). Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2013.

HKEY3

OMNIKA Foundation Contributors. "OMNIKA: Digital Mythology Library & Search Engine." Las Vegas, NV: OMNIKA Foundation, accessed November 14, 2023. https://omnika.org. [Visit]

–

Richardson, Mervyn E.J. Hammurabi's Laws: Text, Translation and Glossary. New York, NY: T & T Clark International, 2004.

RHL

Sound of Text Contributors. "Sound of Text: AI Text-to-Speech." Accessed November 14, 2023. https://soundoftext.app. [Visit]

SoT

eHammurabi Glossary

The § symbol commonly denotes "a shorthand notation for the word 'section'."

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eHammurabi Glossary

The term Cuneiform commonly means "an ancient writing system used by various cultures around Mesopotamia."

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eHammurabi Glossary

The term Normalization commonly means "the application of grammatical rules unto transliterated sound values."

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eHammurabi Glossary

The term Translation commonly means "the conversion of linguistic contents and their meanings from one language into another."

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eHammurabi Glossary

The term Transliteration commonly means "the conversion of sound values from one writing system into another."

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