Dual (term)

The Stele3D^SM Artifact Explorer for eHammurabi is the standard tool for studying the original stone artifact that contains the Hammurabi's Law Code. It allows you to see custom, interactive 2D/3D maps. It was designed by serious researchers but is usable for investigators of all skill levels. 

• Main features
• Original stone and line art renderings: the entire artifact can be viewed in 2D and 3D formats with custom textures that resemble the original artifact as well as line art sketches from authoritative scholars. To make this happen, we normalized the artifact's 3D geometry and natural curvature into accurate flat surface and 2D renderings.
• Interactive 3D models: browse the original artifact's contents in stunning detail via high-definition images and textures.
• Advanced layer options: switch from viewing the original stone artifact to line art within two clicks.
• Data isolation: we tagged each column and line number so that you can see and interact with individual sections and laws according to a custom-built grid system.

For more information about the latest updates to Stele3D^SM Artifact Explorer for eHammurabi, please see our release notes.

LawgicSniffer^SM for eHammurabi breaks down laws from the Law Code of Hammurabi into simple statements in accordance with the principles of sentential logic.

• Main features
• 17 statement types: each law is categorically tagged with types like "IF:START," "IF:END," "RESULT:START," "RESULT:END," and more
• Folding: expand and collapse individual arguments and their constituents
• Side-by-side line analysis: see the law's logical propositions right next to its actual translation
• Closed-loop analysis: all statements are broken down into specific starting and ending points, leaving fewer ambiguities
• Color-coding: all statement types are assigned unique colors for rapid visual identification

LawgicSniffer^SM is the most comprehensive breakdown of Hammurabi's laws according to formal principles of logic. Anyone can use LawgicSniffer^SM to analyze both simple and complex laws from the Law Code of Hammurabi.

GrammarSniffer^SM for eHammurabi explains the grammatical role and definition of each word in a given statute of the Law Code of Hammurabi.

• Main features
• Authoritative definitions: definitions are compiled from 3–5 sources, all of which are time-honored and trusted by experts
• Parsing: nouns are declined, verbs are conjugated, and other grammatical features are noted
• Compound forms: if a word contains a pronominal suffix, particle, or ending, all parts of the word are segmented

GrammarSniffer^SM is the only tool that provides a complete record of all Akkadian words, their grammatical features, and more for all of Hammurabi's laws. Students and experts can use GrammarSniffer^SM to find the meaning or grammatical role of a given word.

What is this? Certain portions of the Law Code of Hammurabi artifact are damaged or otherwise physically mutilated. This prevents translators from deciphering the cuneiform symbols inscribed. Only some laws and portions are impacted. Consequently, laws that have inscription damage may not be accurate.

How did we calculate this rating? Inscription damage is rated by eHammurabi staff according to the total number of damaged cuneiform signs:

• None: 0–1 damaged signs
• Minimal: 2–7 damaged signs
• Substantial: more than 8 damaged signs
• Total: all signs are damaged